» 多样性
This is a list of commonly used terms and definitions around diversity, equity, and inclusion. 虽然这个列表并不详尽, these are a few commonly used terms for initial learning and understanding.
To make a submission or revision to the glossary, please email diversity@gzqymy.com. Thank you for helping keep this resource current and relevant. 本页更新于2021年8月19日.
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访问: The elimination of 歧视 and other barriers that contribute to inequitable opportunities to join and be a p艺术 of a work group, 组织, 或社区.
盟友: Someone who supports a group other than one’s own (in terms of multiple identities such as 比赛, 性别, 年龄, 种族, 性取向, 宗教, 等.). An ally acknowledges oppression and actively commits to reducing their own complicity, investing in strengthening their own knowledge and awareness of oppression.
偏见: A form of prejudice that results from our need to quickly classify individuals into categories.
BIPoC: An acronym used to refer to black, Indigenous and people of color. It is based on the recognition of collective experiences of systemic racism. 注意:和其他恒等式一样, it is up to individuals to use this term as an identifier and quantifier. 不是每个人都同意这个词/限定词. The term BIPOC is still considered by many to indicate a hierarchy among communities of color. 而不是BIPOC, the preferred term(s) to use are “people/persons of color” and “communities of color. By using the term to be more inclusive, you may be selectively exclusive by using the term.
Cis性别: 指那些有性别认同的人, expression or behavior aligns with those typically associated with their assigned sex at birth.
文化经费: The non-consensual/misappropriate use of cultural elements for commodification or profit purposes – including symbols, 艺术, 语言, 海关, 等. ——通常不理解, acknowledgment or respect for its value in the context of its original culture.
残疾: Physical or mental impairment that affects a person’s ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities.
多样性: 在社会上，它指的是广泛的身份认同. 它广泛地包括种族, 种族, 性别, 年龄, 国家的起源, 宗教, 残疾, 性取向, 社会经济地位, 教育, 婚姻状况, 语言, 资深地位, 外表, 等. 它还涉及不同的想法、观点和价值观.
歧视: 对不同群体成员的不平等待遇, 基于有意识或无意识偏见的, 哪一个群体在种族差异上比其他群体更受青睐, 性别, 经济类, 性取向, 体能, 宗教, 语言, 年龄, 国家认同, 宗教, 以及其他类别.
股票: 公平待遇, 访问, 所有人都有机会和进步, while at the same time striving to identify and eliminate barriers that prevent the full p艺术icipation of some groups. The principle of equity acknowledges that there are historically underserved and underrepresented populations and that fairness regarding these unbalanced conditions is necessary to provide equal opportunities to all groups.
性别认同: 有别于“性取向”一词,指的是一个人内心对自己是男性的感觉, 女性或者其他什么. Since 性别 identity is internal, one’s 性别 identity is not necessarily visible to others.
那些表现和自身性别不符: An individual whose 性别 expression is different from societal expectations related to 性别.
骚扰: The use of comments or actions that can be perceived as offensive, 令人尴尬的, 羞辱性的, 贬低和不受欢迎.
内隐偏见: Negative associations expressed automatically that people unknowingly hold and that that affect our understanding, actions and decisions; also known as unconscious or hidden bias.
包含: The act of creating an environment in which any individual or group will be welcomed, 受人尊敬的, 作为一个充分参与的成员得到支持和重视. An inclusive and welcoming climate emb比赛s and respects differences.
制度种族主义: Institutional racism refers specifically to the ways in which institutional 政策 and 实践 create different outcomes and opportunities for different groups based on 种族 歧视.
交集: A 社会 construct that recognizes the fluid diversity of identities that a person can hold such as 性别, 比赛, class, 宗教, 职业地位, 婚姻状况, 社会经济地位, 等.
“主义”: 一种描述任何态度的方式, action or institutional structure that oppresses a person or group because of their target group. 例如, 种族(种族歧视), 性别(性别歧视), 经济地位(阶级歧视), 老年(年龄歧视), 宗教(e.g., anti-Semitism), 性取向 (heterosexism), 语言/immigrant status (xenophobism), 等.
拉丁语(x): Used as a 性别-neutral or non-binary alternative to Latino or Latina to describe a person of Latin American origin or descent. 注意:和其他恒等式一样, it is up to individuals to use this term as an identifier and quantifier. 不是每个人都同意这个词/限定词. By using the term to be more inclusive, you may be selectively exclusive by using the term.
LGBTQIA: 一个包罗万象的术语，指那些认为自己是女同性恋的人, 同性恋, 双性恋, 变性人, 酷儿, 双性, 和无性. 南加州大学的标准缩写用法是LGBTQ. 警告: While we understand and sometimes utilize other inclusive 实践 of other identifiers, we also understand that there is still a great deal of learning around identity groups and attempt to reach a broader audience.
Microaggression: 口头, 非语言和环境上的轻视, 的怠慢, 侮辱或行为, 无论是有意还是无意, 传达敌意, derogatory or negative mess年龄s to target persons based solely upon discriminatory belief systems.
少数民族少数群体是人口的一个子群体.g., 少数民族, 种族, 社会, 宗教, or other group) with differential power than those deemed to hold the majority power in the population. 警告: The relevance of this term is outdated and has changed as the demographics of the population change.
多元文化的能力: A process of embracing diversity and learning about people from other cultural backgrounds. The key element to becoming more culturally competent is respect for the ways that others live in and organize the world and an openness to learn from them.
神经的多样性: When neurological differences are recognized and 受人尊敬的 as are any other kind of human differences or variations. 这些差异包括运动障碍, 难语症, 注意缺陷多动障碍, 计算障碍, 自闭症谱系, 和妥瑞氏综合症.
压迫: The systematic subjugation of one 社会 group by a more powerful 社会 group for the 社会, 经济, 以及更强大的社会群体的政治利益.
父权制: 基于历史的, institutionally perpetuated system of 剥削 and oppression in which those assigned male, or those exhibiting characteristics that have been assigned male, hold ultimate authority and privilege central to 社会 组织, 担任政治领导角色, 道德权威, 对财产的控制. 它暗示并要求女性服从. Can result in 性别ed outcomes even without specific 性别ed animus 艺术iculated between individuals.
有色人种: Often the preferred collective term for referring to non-White 种族 groups. Racial justice advocates have been using the term “people of color” (not to be confused with the pejorative “colored people”) since the late 1970s as an inclusive and unifying frame across different 种族 groups that are not White, 解决种族不平等问题. While “people of color” can be a 政治ly useful term and describes people with their own attributes (as opposed to what they are not, e.g., “白人”), it is also important whenever possible to identify people through their own 种族/少数民族 group, as each has its own distinct experience and meaning and may be more appropriate.
偏见先入为主的判断或偏好, especially one that interferes with imp艺术ial judgment and can be rooted in stereotypes, that denies the right of individual members of certain groups to be recognized.
特权: Exclusive 访问 or 访问 to material and immaterial resources based on the membership to a dominant 社会 group.
代词: 最初称呼某人的名字后用来指代他们的词. Gendered pronouns include she and he, her and him, hers and his, and herself and himself. "Preferred 性别 pronouns" (or PGPs) are the pronouns that people ask others to use in reference to themselves.
酷儿: An umbrella term that can refer to anyone who transgresses society’s view of 性别 or sexuality. 酷儿这个词定义的不确定性, 它的弹性, 是它的特征之一:“一个充满可能性的区域.”
种族: A 社会 construct that 艺术ificially divides people into distinct groups based on characteristics such as 外表 (p艺术icularly 比赛), 祖先的遗产, 文化归属, 文化历史, 种族分类, 还有社会, 经济, 一个社会在特定时期的政治需要.
种族主义: A belief that 种族 differences produce or are associated with inherent superiority or inferiority. Racially based prejudice, 歧视, hostility or hatred. 制度化的种族主义, 也被称为系统性种族主义, refers to forms of racism that are engrained in society or 组织s. 整个种族群体都受到歧视, 或者一直处于劣势, 更大的社会体系, 实践, 选择或策略.
恢复性司法: Restorative Justice is a theory of justice that emphasizes repairing the harm caused by crime and conflict. It places decisions in the hands of those who have been most affected by a wrongdoing, 对受害者也给予同样的关心, 罪犯, 以及周围的社区. 恢复性反应意味着修复伤害, 治愈破裂的关系, 并指出冒犯的根本原因. Restorative Justice emphasizes individual and collective accountability.
性: Binary biological classification of male or female (based on genetic or physiological features); as opposed to 性别, which is 社会 in nature (frequently used interchangeably with “性别” despite this difference).
性别歧视:指态度的范围, 信仰, 政策, laws and behaviors that discriminate on the basis of sex or 性别.
沉默: The conscious or unconscious processes by which the voice or p艺术icipation of p艺术icular 社会 identities is exclude or inhibited.
Sizeism: The mistreatment of or 歧视 against people based upon their perceived (or self-perceived) body size or shape.
性取向: An individual’s enduring physical, romantic and/or emotional attraction to another person. 性别认同和性取向并不相同.
社会公平: 社会正义是一种行动主义, based on principles of equity and inclusion that encompasses a vision of society in which the distribution of resources is equitable and all members are physically and psychologically safe and secure. Social justice involves 社会 actors who have a sense of their own 年龄ncy as well as a sense of 社会 responsibility toward and with others.
刻板印象: A form of generalization rooted in blanket 信仰 and false assumptions, a product of processes of categorization that can result in a prejudiced attitude, critical judgment and intentional or unintentional 歧视. 刻板印象通常是消极的, based on little information and does not recognize individualism and personal 年龄ncy.
结构性不平等: Systemic disadvant年龄(s) of one 社会 group compared to other groups, rooted and perpetuated through discriminatory 实践 (conscious or unconscious) that are reinforced through institutions, 意识形态, 表示, 政策/法律和惯例. When this kind of inequality is related to 种族/少数民族 歧视, 这被称为系统性或结构性种族主义.
压迫制度: 有意识和无意识, 非随机和有组织的骚扰, 歧视, 剥削, 歧视, prejudice and other forms of unequal treatment that impact different groups. 有时用来指系统性的种族主义.
变性: A term used to describe folx whose 性别 identity and/or expression differs from their sex assigned at birth (SAAB). 萨博是一个人与性别的第一个联系, 通常基于生理性别特征.
老将状态: Whether or not an individual has served in a nation's armed forces (or other uniformed service).
白人特权: 指的是毫无疑问的、不劳而获的优势, 权利, benefits and choices bestowed on people solely because they are white; an exemption of 社会, 政治, and/or 经济 burdens placed on non-white people; benefitting from societal structuring that prioritizes white people and whiteness.
排外情绪: 文化上对外人的恐惧. It has often been associated with the hostile reception given to those who immigrate into societies and communities. It could result from genuine fear of strangers or it could be based on things such as competition for jobs, 或民族, 种族, 或者宗教偏见.
The terms contained in this glossary have been reproduced from the following resources:
